Test Antigenico per COVID-19
Ultima Revisione: 21.06.2021
Ultima Modifica: 21.06.2021
Articolo approvato dal Comitato editoriale di labtestsonline.org ed in corso di revisione da parte del Comitato editoriale italiano
In Sintesi
Il campione
Un campione di cellule prelevato dal tratto respiratorio superiore, tramite tampone nasale o tampone nasofaringeo (porzione posteriore del naso posta superiormente alla faringe).
La preparazione
No, nessuna. Tuttavia, è necessario comunicare all'operatore sanitario l'eventuale manifestazione recente di sintomi riconducibili a COVID-19.
L'Esame
Il test antigenico per COVID-19 è un indice di esposizione al virus; rileva la presenza di proteine presenti sulla superficie esterna del virus, denominate antigeni, in un campione prelevato dalle narici o dalla porzione posteriore del rino-faringe (tampone nasofaringeo). Il riscontro di antigeni virali indica presenza di un'infezione in corso.
Come e Perchè
Il campione viene ottenuto piegando all’indietro la testa del paziente ed inserendo (per 7-9 cm) un tampone (simile ad un lungo cottonfioc) nelle narici fino a toccare la parete posteriore del rino-faringe o del naso, dove viene ruotato alcune volte prima di disinserirlo. Il campione deve essere prelevato da entrambe le narici.
La procedura richiede meno di un minuto, può essere fastidiosa ed indurre prurito, lacrimazione e colpi di tosse, in particolare nel caso del tampone nasofaringeo.
Domande Frequenti
Attualmente, non esistono test approvati dall'FDA (Food and Drug Administration) per COVID-19 da eseguire a domicilio. Il suggerimento per i cittadini è sempre quello di rivolgersi in ogni caso alle Istituzioni, evitando accuratamente di intraprendere azioni individuali che possono comportare gravi danni non solo al soggetto singolo, ma all’intera comunità. Tuttavia, recentemente l'FDA ha approvato il primo test RT-PCR che include un kit per effettuare la raccolta di campioni nasali a domicilio, che dovranno essere poi spediti ai laboratori per le analisi.
Pagine Correlate
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